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Πετώντας ΜΕ FPV -- ΑΣΦΑΛΕΙΑ! Μερικοί κανόνες πτήσης με βάση την κοινή λογική

Από twinturbostang

Πρώτα απ' όλα.. Πρέπει να Εξασκηθείτε για ασφαλή πτήση και λειτουργία του μοντέλου σας, στον "τρόπο" You should Practice safe flying and operation of model craft while in FPV Piloting "mode". Many of the opponents to FPV flying feel that it is "not safe". It is believe it is our duty as FPV flyer's to not only operate in a safe and secure manor, but to also show to others the steps that we take in order to assure we fly as safe as possible. By doing so, It's believe we will promote, in a positive fashion, FPV flying. Here is a list a few items what safe practices should be.

1) Εξοπλισμός

Πρώτα απ' όλα, είναι σημαντικό να χρησιμοποιείτε εξαρτήματα καλής ποιότητας. Αυτό βέβαι δεν ισχύει μόνο για πτήσεις με FPV αλλά γενικότερα για RC. Inferior products often result in inferior performance. Most important are the transmission/receiving components, both of the RC control link and the video downlink. Since this is the FPV forum, we will focus on the components that are specific to FPV flying. A good quality camera should be utilized that has adequate resolution to easily see the planes attitude, location, and proximity to other objects. Perhaps more important is the video downlink system. Many "cheap" TX/RX combos can be found in places such as eBay. These are often "Hong Kong specials". And while some may in fact be of decent quality, I believe the consensus (and from personal experience) is that higher quality components are available from other sources. Yes they will cost more, and one's budget will ultimately dictate what components can be used. But in general, the higher the quality you can get, the better. You definitely do not want the video downlink to disappear while flying FPV. So you will want TX/RX components that are of good quality and have good transmission range. There are additional safety measures that can be taken in the event of loss of video link (see item 5). But these should only be used as supplemental safety devices, and not used to try and overcome a deficiency somewhere else in the system.

2) Εμπειρία

Do not attempt to fly 2 miles away from yourself, with head tracking, in high winds, near sunset, on your very first FPV flight! That is of course an exaggeration. However, FPV flying is entirely different than line-of-sight flying. You get a completely different perspective, and during your first flights, it is VERY easy to become disoriented or loose track of where you are relative to your flying field. It may be different than line-of-sight flying, but it shares one very common aspect... it takes practice, practice, practice to become proficient at it. The best thing to do is to start off slow and work your way towards more complicated flights, longer durations, or farther distances. It's also a good idea to know your field! Google Earth is an indispensable tool. Learn your flight location, objects around you (trees, buildings, etc.), and try to put yourself in the plane before the flight and imagine what it might look like from different points of view on the field.

3) Spotter

Possibly the most important safety item to FPV flying, is to have a spotter with you. This is someone that maintains visual line-of-sight on the aircraft during flight. In the event of problems, your spotter can guide you as to what needs to be done to return safely home. Even better is if the spotter is attached to your transmitter via the trainer port. This way, if the video feed is lost, the spotter can take control of the aircraft and return it to the field. He can then either land the aircraft, or give control back to you if the video link returns. It's my belief that a spotter should be used whenever it is possible to do so. I understand that this is not always practical. So one should use one's best judgment in determining if it is safe to fly without a spotter or not.

4) Τοποθεσία

Another important point, and possibly an area of discussion. Where is it safe to fly FPV? Most people would agree that flying over largely populated areas, busy highways, and other areas of high population density are not safe areas to fly. And this again, goes for R/C flying in general, not just FPV. This is another case where one should make a logical and sound decision as to whether or not safe flying is possible from their location.

5) Μεγάλη απόσταση

This is a hotly debated topic relative to FPV flying. By the nature of FPV flying, it allows us to fly outside of visual range. So then the question becomes... how far can I fly away from myself? And there are LOTS of things that go into this decision, including ALL OF THE ABOVE items. Of course you will need high quality components, and transmitters with sufficient power to overcome the distance traveled. Long distances will require a good accumulation of FPV flying experience and a good knowledge of the surrounding area. It should only be done in remote areas where the risk to human life and property is minimized. And spotters can still be utilized to assist the pilot. An additional hardware component can also be used here, and is recommended for long distance flying. That is the GPS return to home device. This allows, in the event of loss of either RC control or video link, the plane to be guided back safely to the flying field via a GPS navigation device. Normally a GPS receiver will be interfaced to a device that will steer the plane in the correct direction to return to the field. Sometimes a "co-pilot" leveling device is also necessary. This keeps the wings flat and level during any maneuvers the GPS device commands. Again I want to stress that it is my belief that long distance flying should only be done by experienced FPV pilots, that are familiar with and check for safe operation all of their equipment, and that do so in a location that is safe. It should also be important to know the limitations of one's equipment. Don't go trying to fly 5 miles away with a 10mW transmitter!.

AMATEUR MODEL FPV SAFETY CODE

ΟΡΙΣΜΟΙ

FPV

First Person View (FPV) piloting is defined as remotely controlling a model aircraft by the pilot in command (PIC) by the use of an onboard video camera and wireless video transmitter which sends a live video image of the aircraft’s attitude in flight to a “ground station” which consists of a wireless video receiver and display devices such as a video monitor and/or video “goggles”.

ΕΡΑΣΙΤΕΧΝΗΣ

Non-commercial hobbyists and amateur model aircraft users operating for sport and recreation. Commercial operations (e.g.: pay-for-hire, aerial photography, etc) are not recreational activities, and as such are not covered under these guidelines.

ΠΡΟΫΠΟΘΕΣΕΙΣ ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΙΑΣ

1. Maximum flight altitude of 400ft AGL as per FAA guideline AC 91-57.
2. Flights should not be permitted over densely populated areas of cities, towns or over any open-air assembly of persons without there prior permission.
3. Flights within 3 statute miles of an airport require prior approval of the airport manager.
4. Maximum operating range shall be limited to FAA guidelines.
5. Flights shall be conducted in such a way as to prevent harm to full-scale aircraft, people, animals or property.
6. Flights should be only conducted under VFR weather conditions.
a. Day = 1 statute mile of visibility
b. Night = 3 statute miles of visibility
7. Night flights require on-board aircraft lights that show the aircraft’s attitude visible from 1000 ft.
8. Fully autonomous aerial vehicles that lack the ability to be totally controlled by the pilot in command are not considered to be FPV aircraft and as such are not covered by these guidelines.
9. Aircraft will be flown by regular visual line-of-sight method during initial testing and/or testing of any flight system changes that could affect performance and/or handling.
10. Aircraft will contain contact information for the pilot, including but not limited to, the pilots full name, address, and phone number.

ΣΥΣΤΑΣΕΙΣ

1. Aircraft maximum weight and speed limited to FAA guidelines.
2. The use of spotters is recommended during initial flight training or at congested flying fields.
3. GPS based programmable redundant failsafe systems are encouraged and if used for return to home purpose should be programmed to bring the aircraft back to a safe location away from people and property. If a return-to-home feature is not used, it is advisable to
4. Have on-board capability (fail safe) of landing the aircraft if pilot control is interrupted.
5. Any record attempts that exceed these guidelines require the prior approval of all official agencies involved that would include but are not limited to FAA and FAI.

FREQUENCY MANAGEMENT

FPV pilots shall adhere to frequency control and licensing set forth by the FCC. This applies to both the RC control systems used, as well as the wireless video transmissions. FPV pilots will also take care to minimize frequency conflicts with other model aircraft pilots.

FLIGHTS AT AMA SANCTIONED AIRFIELDS

Σημείωση: Αν και αυτές οι οδηγίες δεν είναι επίσημες, δουλεύουμε τώρα με την AMA σχετικά με τα FPV. Keep in mind some AMA fields are located within congested or populated areas. Furthermore these sites may have contractual agreements restricting activity within a limited flight zone. These areas do not have the space requirements for FPV flying and should not be used. Here are some additional guidelines for flying at an AMA field.

A. AMA model aircraft Safety Code will apply.
B. Operating range will be VLoS (visual line of sight), and flown within the proper field pattern. Operating range may be limited within the site property and/or flight area.
C. Spotters may be required to assist the pilot and/or take control of the aircraft in an emergency situation. This may include, but is not limited to, use of a buddy box system.
D. Please work with your site coordinator to discuss FPV operations at your location. Your site coordinator has final say if FPV flying is permissible.

Οι οδηγίες ετοιμάστηκαν από τους πιλότους FPV των Η.Π.Α. και η αποστολή έγινε από τον Gary Evans

Διατηρείστε τις πτήσεις με FPV ασφαλείς. Και οπωσδήποτε, ΔΙΑΣΚΕΔΑΣΤΕ!